Site management 10 rule
Site management, the basic elements are only three: people, things, places; scene situation ever-changing, summed up only "two streams": logistics and information flow; as a site manager - production director, workshop director, team leader , Must be these three elements and two streams for detailed analysis and research, from which to find the problem, analyze the reasons, to find the answer to solve the problem.
Simple to say is: the process flow check; plan a tune up; production line count; action sub-elements minus one; handling air pressure when a pressure; man-machine efficiency mention; key line shrink shrink; Change; change; visual management to see; the root of the problem to find a look.
The purpose of this paper is to provide field managers with a way to analyze and create ideas and tools for on-site management, master it, and perhaps spend a penny, from the scientific management to efficiency and efficiency.
1. Process flow check
Describe the steps of a process and the map of the route. It includes clothing sewing and other workflow and process two categories, but the essence is the same, it can be complicated with the image of the image to represent.
The process or work flow is a unit process or work of the general route, its image reflects the process or work of the procedures, departments and processes of the connection, determine or check the processing procedures to a garment business or a department to find the problem, Should start from the process, "follow suit" analysis of the existing production, the whole process of work, which process is unreasonable, where there is a reverse, where there is a pause, which process routes and links can be canceled, merged, simplified? Is it possible to determine whether each link is in a controlled state? Does the test work? Are the horizontal links of the departments in place? Is it smooth? Do you need to build or add new paths? From the various aspects of the flow chart and the transmission route, analysis of the existing departments of the job function is in place, whether to adjust or reorganize the existing institutions?
There is a way to "frame, diamond-shaped lines, but the use of a treasure, any of your complex process, perspective clearly do not want to run! Plus a plus, strict control more secure; pass a pass, department functions do not fall, In exchange for efficiency greatly improved, certain must, there is a rule is not a quarrel!
2. The plan is raised
Some garment factories in the early construction of the factory layout and equipment has not been carefully designed, or due to the continuous development of production, equipment, the continuous acquisition, disrupted the layout, or because of changes in product structure, resulting in the plant or Equipment layout unreasonable, so that products and parts in the production of transport routes is too long, which is always in the manufacture of waste of hidden dangers, must be determined to change.
In the process flow chart can not see the plane route, the flow chart on an arrow may actually take tens of meters, so we should further in the plane layout map to find benefits.
By analyzing the mode of operation and the configuration of the equipment, according to the direction of the flow of the production process, with or without repeated routes and back to the situation, to find out the unreasonable part of a reasonable adjustment and design of a new layout, to shorten the route and the operator's walk Distance, reduce unnecessary waste of resources.
Sometimes, the movement of a device will bring tens of meters or even hundreds of meters away from the savings. Sometimes save more space.
3. Pipeline calculations
Production lines and pipelines should be carried out in accordance with the same beat, the production can be balanced. Some enterprises often produce "front dry, behind to see, in front of the front ahead, behind in the overtime" situation. The cause of a move is unreasonable way, the other is the beat is not balanced.
A piece of wood consisting of a number of different lengths of wood cuffs, the size of which is not the largest piece of wood, but the shortest piece of wood. Similarly, in the assembly line, the slowest person is to determine the final efficiency of the assembly line. Balance of production lines or pipelines = sum of net operating hours of each process / operation time of the longest operation × number of personnel. The balance of many production lines is often less than 50%, if the long process through a simplified, speed, substitutions, or split the method, the short time through the process, and so on to balance the pipeline. The production efficiency of the entire production line will be greatly improved, the slow process of individual processes and accumulation will be eliminated.
4. Action elements minus one
Any operation is based on the manual action as the basic unit, especially the garment factory such labor-intensive enterprises, assembly processes, processing processes, such as manual labor as the main process, action is a very important factor to produce benefits.
The main purpose of the action analysis is to eliminate unnecessary action, ineffective action or slow action, such as bending, squatting, workplace sluggish, there is no suitable tool, people and objects in the search for the state, with the most effort Approach to achieve maximum efficiency.
This study is almost free of a penny, you can greatly improve the production efficiency. For example, in real life, why some people dumplings will be much faster than the average person? Why some people will be much faster than ordinary people? It is because they have a certain know-how to the most economical action to complete the task.
Try to dumplings, for example, many people will use more than eight movements or even dozens of actions to pack a dumplings, if you will spoon in the right hand on the little finger does not put down, according to the following procedures dumplings: Right hand digging stuffing on the skin - his hands together pinch dumplings - left hand dumplings. In this way, as long as the four actions can be wrapped dumplings, the efficiency than the average person to double!
5. Air pressure when handling pressure
According to statistics, 25% to 40% of the processing fee is the handling fee; the time of the process, 70% to 80% of the time of handling and pause; factory disaster, and 85% in the handling process occurred. It is important to be able to compress the handling. Improved handling should be optimized for handling, from the number of handling, handling space, handling time to improve.
First, to reduce the number of handling and handling the number of times;
Second, in the handling space to minimize the handling distance, reduce the handling route and the number of times;
Third, in the handling time to shorten the time, reduce the number; in the method to pay attention to management coordination, as far as possible the use of non-power, such as the use of gravity in the slope of the taxi or transport on the conveyor belt.
The principle of rationalization of handling is to be carried out almost no loss of the material being transported; handling methods to science, civilization, to prevent brutal brutality; handling environment safe, appropriate, to prevent risk; reduce the chance of temporary placement, as much as possible once In place; reasonable planning factory layout, can effectively shorten the handling distance. In the factory planning has been a foregone conclusion, through the rationalization of the planning process, but also can effectively shorten the handling distance.
6. Human efficiency to mention
People and equipment is a contradiction, not handled properly, it will happen is not the machine is the machine and others. People and equipment constitute the ergonomic relationship, in the analysis to analyze the workers and machines at the same time the work of the situation, whether Wolves, waiting, invalid time, by adjusting the work order to improve man-machine cooperation, to seek a reasonable Methods, so that the operation and coordination of the operation of the machine, the waiting time will be reduced to the maximum, give full play to the efficiency of people and machines. As squeeze the same water will wait for the time to squeeze out, which is to man-machine joint operations to benefit.
7. The key route shrinks and shrinks
Almost any product is composed of several parts, usually a few lines or several processes to produce, and to the late part of the assembly should be a little bit in the formation of parts, parts of the process, will inevitably occur The size of the work of the different circumstances of the situation.
This will be in the latter part of the production to bring each other constraints, the workload of small processes will have a lot of free time, and the workload of the process will not have a moment of rest time, in other words is the time difference is zero, became production On the bottleneck. The process is called the key route, which restricts the garment factory or workshop production capacity and delivery time, we find the key line, from non-critical routes on the transfer of property, to strengthen the key line, or the use of parallel operations , Cross-cutting, etc., shorten the key routes, constantly modify and optimize the program, to achieve the best goal of shortening the cost of the schedule.
The basic function of the production manager is to be able to calculate and find the key route according to the plan and production capacity. Second, continue to compress the key routes and other routes, to achieve time, cost of integrated optimization. There are two ways:
The first method, time optimization. Is in the human, equipment, capital and other guaranteed conditions, to seek the shortest work cycle. It can fight for time, quickly play the investment effect. The use of time difference, from the non-critical line on the deployment of part of the human resources, material concentration for key routes, or decomposition operations, increase the parallel between the degree of operation, increase the input of human and equipment, the use of new technology, new technology to shorten the key line Continuation time
The second method, time - cost optimization. Expenditure on the project can be divided into direct and indirect costs. Direct costs refer to costs directly related to each operation, such as fabric or accessories, and overhead costs are those that are not directly related to the activities, but are subject to change over time. The shorter the project period, the more indirect costs small. Time-cost optimization is the engineering cycle when seeking the minimum sum of direct and indirect costs.
8. The environment of the place has changed
Analysis of production and working environment to meet the production, work needs and the physiological needs of people, the analysis of the scene is also missing what items and vehicles, for different types of places, respectively, to improve the proposed recommendations to carry out "finishing, rectification, cleaning, cleaning, , Safe "six activities, so that always maintain a state, and constantly improve the B state, at any time to clear the C state, so that employees maintain a strong fighting spirit and good skills, the required items readily available, do not need things at any time to be cleared, the scene Environment is smooth, clean, landscaping, security, civilization, so that places and the environment in time and space to achieve the overall optimization.
9. Visual management to take a look
Human brain from the visual information up to 80%. So the use of visual communication and command method is more straightforward. The use of intuitive image, color appropriate visual perception of information to organize the production site to charts, pictures, photos, text annotations, signs, symbols, as a visual management tool. Can easily reach the interpretation, awareness, warning, judgment, action and other functions. So visual management can also be called "visible management", "visual management".
10. The root cause of the problem
Find the gap every day, in order to do better the next day - this is a very important point in the Haier model originality, and constantly looking for problems, analysis of the problem, never to improve the scene, this is the quality improvement, 8D Work law, CIP and other activities of the common. It is this to promote the management of the operation process, so that enterprises in a virtuous circle of continuous upward.
The top ten rules of the improvement of these sites, if you really use it, you will find that these weapons extraordinary divine power, invincible, you will be pleasantly surprised to see: smooth process line, the layout is reasonable, The rhythm is more uniform, the workers operating efficiency is high, easy handling, and production balance, man-machine combination closely, the management is simple, a faster, better, shorter, more smooth, more cool lean production situation Has quietly come!
Site management, the basic elements are only three: people, things, places; scene situation ever-changing, summed up only "two streams": logistics and information flow; as a site manager - production director, workshop director, team leader , Must be these three elements and two streams for detailed analysis and research, from which to find the problem, analyze the reasons, to find the answer to solve the problem.
Simple to say is: the process flow check; plan a tune up; production line count; action sub-elements minus one; handling air pressure when a pressure; man-machine efficiency mention; key line shrink shrink; Change; change; visual management to see; the root of the problem to find a look.
The purpose of this paper is to provide field managers with a way to analyze and create ideas and tools for on-site management, master it, and perhaps spend a penny, from the scientific management to efficiency and efficiency.
1. Process flow check
Describe the steps of a process and the map of the route. It includes clothing sewing and other workflow and process two categories, but the essence is the same, it can be complicated with the image of the image to represent.
The process or work flow is a unit process or work of the general route, its image reflects the process or work of the procedures, departments and processes of the connection, determine or check the processing procedures to a garment business or a department to find the problem, Should start from the process, "follow suit" analysis of the existing production, the whole process of work, which process is unreasonable, where there is a reverse, where there is a pause, which process routes and links can be canceled, merged, simplified? Is it possible to determine whether each link is in a controlled state? Does the test work? Are the horizontal links of the departments in place? Is it smooth? Do you need to build or add new paths? From the various aspects of the flow chart and the transmission route, analysis of the existing departments of the job function is in place, whether to adjust or reorganize the existing institutions?
There is a way to "frame, diamond-shaped lines, but the use of a treasure, any of your complex process, perspective clearly do not want to run! Plus a plus, strict control more secure; pass a pass, department functions do not fall, In exchange for efficiency greatly improved, certain must, there is a rule is not a quarrel!
2. The plan is raised
Some garment factories in the early construction of the factory layout and equipment has not been carefully designed, or due to the continuous development of production, equipment, the continuous acquisition, disrupted the layout, or because of changes in product structure, resulting in the plant or Equipment layout unreasonable, so that products and parts in the production of transport routes is too long, which is always in the manufacture of waste of hidden dangers, must be determined to change.
In the process flow chart can not see the plane route, the flow chart on an arrow may actually take tens of meters, so we should further in the plane layout map to find benefits.
By analyzing the mode of operation and the configuration of the equipment, according to the direction of the flow of the production process, with or without repeated routes and back to the situation, to find out the unreasonable part of a reasonable adjustment and design of a new layout, to shorten the route and the operator's walk Distance, reduce unnecessary waste of resources.
Sometimes, the movement of a device will bring tens of meters or even hundreds of meters away from the savings. Sometimes save more space.
3. Pipeline calculations
Production lines and pipelines should be carried out in accordance with the same beat, the production can be balanced. Some enterprises often produce "front dry, behind to see, in front of the front ahead, behind in the overtime" situation. The cause of a move is unreasonable way, the other is the beat is not balanced.
A piece of wood consisting of a number of different lengths of wood cuffs, the size of which is not the largest piece of wood, but the shortest piece of wood. Similarly, in the assembly line, the slowest person is to determine the final efficiency of the assembly line. Balance of production lines or pipelines = sum of net operating hours of each process / operation time of the longest operation × number of personnel. The balance of many production lines is often less than 50%, if the long process through a simplified, speed, substitutions, or split the method, the short time through the process, and so on to balance the pipeline. The production efficiency of the entire production line will be greatly improved, the slow process of individual processes and accumulation will be eliminated.
4. Action elements minus one
Any operation is based on the manual action as the basic unit, especially the garment factory such labor-intensive enterprises, assembly processes, processing processes, such as manual labor as the main process, action is a very important factor to produce benefits.
The main purpose of the action analysis is to eliminate unnecessary action, ineffective action or slow action, such as bending, squatting, workplace sluggish, there is no suitable tool, people and objects in the search for the state, with the most effort Approach to achieve maximum efficiency.
This study is almost free of a penny, you can greatly improve the production efficiency. For example, in real life, why some people dumplings will be much faster than the average person? Why some people will be much faster than ordinary people? It is because they have a certain know-how to the most economical action to complete the task.
Try to dumplings, for example, many people will use more than eight movements or even dozens of actions to pack a dumplings, if you will spoon in the right hand on the little finger does not put down, according to the following procedures dumplings: Right hand digging stuffing on the skin - his hands together pinch dumplings - left hand dumplings. In this way, as long as the four actions can be wrapped dumplings, the efficiency than the average person to double!
5. Air pressure when handling pressure
According to statistics, 25% to 40% of the processing fee is the handling fee; the time of the process, 70% to 80% of the time of handling and pause; factory disaster, and 85% in the handling process occurred. It is important to be able to compress the handling. Improved handling should be optimized for handling, from the number of handling, handling space, handling time to improve.
First, to reduce the number of handling and handling the number of times;
Second, in the handling space to minimize the handling distance, reduce the handling route and the number of times;
Third, in the handling time to shorten the time, reduce the number; in the method to pay attention to management coordination, as far as possible the use of non-power, such as the use of gravity in the slope of the taxi or transport on the conveyor belt.
The principle of rationalization of handling is to be carried out almost no loss of the material being transported; handling methods to science, civilization, to prevent brutal brutality; handling environment safe, appropriate, to prevent risk; reduce the chance of temporary placement, as much as possible once In place; reasonable planning factory layout, can effectively shorten the handling distance. In the factory planning has been a foregone conclusion, through the rationalization of the planning process, but also can effectively shorten the handling distance.
6. Human efficiency to mention
People and equipment is a contradiction, not handled properly, it will happen is not the machine is the machine and others. People and equipment constitute the ergonomic relationship, in the analysis to analyze the workers and machines at the same time the work of the situation, whether Wolves, waiting, invalid time, by adjusting the work order to improve man-machine cooperation, to seek a reasonable Methods, so that the operation and coordination of the operation of the machine, the waiting time will be reduced to the maximum, give full play to the efficiency of people and machines. As squeeze the same water will wait for the time to squeeze out, which is to man-machine joint operations to benefit.
7. The key route shrinks and shrinks
Almost any product is composed of several parts, usually a few lines or several processes to produce, and to the late part of the assembly should be a little bit in the formation of parts, parts of the process, will inevitably occur The size of the work of the different circumstances of the situation.
This will be in the latter part of the production to bring each other constraints, the workload of small processes will have a lot of free time, and the workload of the process will not have a moment of rest time, in other words is the time difference is zero, became production On the bottleneck. The process is called the key route, which restricts the garment factory or workshop production capacity and delivery time, we find the key line, from non-critical routes on the transfer of property, to strengthen the key line, or the use of parallel operations , Cross-cutting, etc., shorten the key routes, constantly modify and optimize the program, to achieve the best goal of shortening the cost of the schedule.
The basic function of the production manager is to be able to calculate and find the key route according to the plan and production capacity. Second, continue to compress the key routes and other routes, to achieve time, cost of integrated optimization. There are two ways:
The first method, time optimization. Is in the human, equipment, capital and other guaranteed conditions, to seek the shortest work cycle. It can fight for time, quickly play the investment effect. The use of time difference, from the non-critical line on the deployment of part of the human resources, material concentration for key routes, or decomposition operations, increase the parallel between the degree of operation, increase the input of human and equipment, the use of new technology, new technology to shorten the key line Continuation time
The second method, time - cost optimization. Expenditure on the project can be divided into direct and indirect costs. Direct costs refer to costs directly related to each operation, such as fabric or accessories, and overhead costs are those that are not directly related to the activities, but are subject to change over time. The shorter the project period, the more indirect costs small. Time-cost optimization is the engineering cycle when seeking the minimum sum of direct and indirect costs.
8. The environment of the place has changed
Analysis of production and working environment to meet the production, work needs and the physiological needs of people, the analysis of the scene is also missing what items and vehicles, for different types of places, respectively, to improve the proposed recommendations to carry out "finishing, rectification, cleaning, cleaning, , Safe "six activities, so that always maintain a state, and constantly improve the B state, at any time to clear the C state, so that employees maintain a strong fighting spirit and good skills, the required items readily available, do not need things at any time to be cleared, the scene Environment is smooth, clean, landscaping, security, civilization, so that places and the environment in time and space to achieve the overall optimization.
9. Visual management to take a look
Human brain from the visual information up to 80%. So the use of visual communication and command method is more straightforward. The use of intuitive image, color appropriate visual perception of information to organize the production site to charts, pictures, photos, text annotations, signs, symbols, as a visual management tool. Can easily reach the interpretation, awareness, warning, judgment, action and other functions. So visual management can also be called "visible management", "visual management".
10. The root cause of the problem
Find the gap every day, in order to do better the next day - this is a very important point in the Haier model originality, and constantly looking for problems, analysis of the problem, never to improve the scene, this is the quality improvement, 8D Work law, CIP and other activities of the common. It is this to promote the management of the operation process, so that enterprises in a virtuous circle of continuous upward.
The top ten rules of the improvement of these sites, if you really use it, you will find that these weapons extraordinary divine power, invincible, you will be pleasantly surprised to see: smooth process line, the layout is reasonable, The rhythm is more uniform, the workers operating efficiency is high, easy handling, and production balance, man-machine combination closely, the management is simple, a faster, better, shorter, more smooth, more cool lean production situation Has quietly come!
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